逍遥学能 2014-03-21 10:43
2014高考英语理解巩固练习精品题（47）及答案
【江苏省常州市2013冲刺模拟】C
Scientists have long understood the key role that oceans play in regulating the Earth’s cliate. Oceans cover 70 percent of the globe and store a thousand ties ore heat than the atosphere does. What’s newer is the understanding of how this key coponent of our cliate syste responds to global waring.
A brake on global waring—for now
One of the ocean’s ost iportant cliate functions is absorbing heat and carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the gases that cause global waring. Acting as a heat sponge, the oceans have absorbed huge aounts of heat and CO2 in the last forty years.
Fujita explains that “the oceans are saving us fro faster cliate change—they are a big flywheel that delays rapid overheating of the earth, putting a brake on the cliate syste.”
“That’s the good news,” he adds. “The bad news is that the oceans only slow the atospheric waring. Once the oceans coe to balance with a greenhouse-gas wared earth, the extree heat will reain in the atosphere and things will get uch hotter.” But where and how the oceans release this accuulated heat is uncertain. And as the ocean stores heat, fragile underwater ecosystes are struggling.
The ost recent scientific report fro the Intergovernental Panel on Cliate Change (IPCC) alsonotes with concern that the ocean is acidifying because of increased absorption of atospheric CO2, and thus causing a threat for shell-foring species. Sharp increases in carbon dioxide levels will cause further acidification of the ocean.
Currents distributing heat
Another iportant role the oceans play is that of distributor. Oceans deliver heat and life-sustaining nutrients around the globe. Just as blood vessels bring oxygen and nutrients to cells in the huan body, the ocean’s currents carry oxygen, nutrients and heat throughout the Earth. The ocean distributes 25 to 50 percent of the energy the planet receives fro the sun. For exaple, the Gulf Strea carries heat across the Atlantic. This war current gives northwestern Europe a ilder cliate than it would norally have so far north. A change to the ocean’s circulation (循环) patterns could throw Europe into a colder period, even as the rest of world experiences warer teperatures.
64. We can infer fro the passage that _____.
A. the oceans cause global waring
B. the ocean ecosystes face ore dangers
C. the oceans release nutrientsand heat
D. the oceans stop global waring
65. Fro the passage we can learn that the ocean’s currents _____.
A. distribute heat and nutrients around
B. produce oxygen and nutrients everywhere
C. absorb 25~50% of the energy fro the sun
D. change the ocean’s circulation patterns
66. Which of the following is NOT the result of the ocean absorbing heat and carbon dioxide?
A. It causes further acidification.
B. It affects shell-foring species.
C. It regulates the Earth’s cliate.
D. It akes the atosphere hotter.
67. This passage ainly talks about ______.
A. global waring B. the roles of oceans
C. ocean currents D. carbon dioxide
（出处：江苏省南通市2011届高三第一次调研测试）
【参考答案】BADB
理解------Toato Festival
Started in 2005, the Toato Festival has grown into a local tradition in alta． In recent years, the festival has added auseent park-style rides and a yearly Creature Feature, which screens old horrible ovies．There are also dance copetitions, parades and pancake breakfast．Third weekend in August． Address: 833 Tinkha Rd, Fountain Park, Wilbra-ha, assachusetts 01095 Phone: （413）599-0010
Brat Days
Don't istake this festival for a day filled with poorly behaved children． Begun 1953, the gathering is the biggest festival in the city each year and features ore than 50 stands （摊位） selling the sausage, as well as a contest to see who can quickly eat the ost bratwurst （德国式小香肠） in ten inutes．Early August．
Address: 17th and New Jersey sts, Kiwanis Park, She boygan, Wisconsin 53081
Phone: （920）457-9491
Hope Waterelon Festival
The festival dates back to the 1920s, when any trains went through this sall town and local waterelon growers would sell their waterelon to parched travelers．These days, the festival sees a Waterelon Queen crowned（加冠的） and soeties a world-record waterelon grown．There are also ore than 300 stands selling arts and crafts fro a six-state area, as well as a car show and the Waterelon Olypics．Early August．
Address: 108 W 3rd St, Hope, Arkansas 71801 Phone: （870） 777-3640
Oyster Festival （牡蛎节）
Featuring appearances fro tall ships and oyster boats, this festival has regularly drawn 60,000 visitors a year since it began in 1978．ore than 3,000 volunteers （志愿者） ake the festival possible each year．Norwalk is less than a two-hour drive fro any of New England's larger cities, aking it easy to attend the festival during a trip to New York or Hartford．Weekend after Labor Day．
Address: Sea view Ave, Veteran's Park, East Nor-walk, Connecticut 06855 Phone: （800） 866-7925
53．Which of the following festivals has the longest history?
A．Oyster Festival．B．Hope Waterelon Festival．
C．Brat Days．D．Toato Festival．
54．The underlined word "parched" in the third passage eans _____ ．
A．tiredB．hungryC．thirstyD．excited
55．In which of the following activities can you enjoy the frightening fils?
A．The Creature FeatureB．The Waterelon Olypics
C．The Eating-bratwurst ContestD．Dance Copetitions
56．If it is August 15 today this year, you ight still attend __ _.
A．Brat DaysB．Oyster Festival
C．Hope Waterelon FestivalD．Toato Festival
阅读理解
Reading inds isn't quite siple, but it ay not be ipossible, either．What if a brain scan could reveal your eories?
A tea of British scientists recently did just that—they used brain scans to look at spatial（空间的） eory in four people．Spatial eory is the kind of eory you use to reeber where you are．You use spatial eory to reeber how to get fro your house to school．People build spatial eory as they explore a new city or a new building and take in inforation about their surroundings．
The scientists asked each participant to sit down at a coputer and wander through roos．These virtual roos contained iages of objects, like clocks and doors, so that the people could know where they were．Each person was encouraged to explore the virtual space．
As the people becae failiar with these roos, their brain cells were taking notes of where things were, and how to get fro one point to another．After perusing（详细考察） these roos, the participants were instructed to go to a specific location within the roos．At this point, the scientists took pictures of the subjects' brains using an instruent called FRI （磁共振成像） ．
As participants stared at the floor, the scientists took FRI scans to easure brain activity．They repeated this process ultiple ties．After a few repetitions, the scientists could identify patterns in the subjects' brains．By looking at patterns on the brain scans, the scientists were able to read the spatial eory of the test subjects．
This experient shows that it is possible to use FRIs to gather soe kinds of eories fro people, but your secret thoughts and personal eories are safe—for now．"It is not the case that we can put soeone in a brain scanner and siply read their private thoughts," says one of the scientists who worked on the project．
57．Which of the following about spatial eory is TRUE?
A．It can ake you reeber things that you once did．
B．It can help you explore a new city or other places．
C．It only takes in inforation about your new places．
D．It lets you reeber the places where you are．
58．Fro the passage we can infer the FRI ___．
A．takes notes of what participants see in the roo
B．takes pictures of participants' brains secretly
C．is very sall but rather expensive
D．lets scientists know participants' brain activity
59．Why are our secret ind and private eories safe?
A．Because scientists can't read people's thoughts directly．
B．Because scientists can't understand all pictures taken by FRIs,
C．Because FRIs can't gather any eories fro people．
D．Because FRIs can't be copletely reliable now．
60．The passage ainly tells us ____．
A．how scientist can read people's eories
B．a new kind of caera—FRIs
C．a very iportant research
D．spatial eory and FRJs
【江苏省常州市2013冲刺模拟】D
If English eans endless new words, difficult graar and soeties strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have becoe sarter since you started to learn a language?
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey atter. This is the area of the brain which processes inforation. It is siilar to the way that exercise builds uscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
A tea led by Dr Andrea echelli, fro University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were copared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a nuber of later learners.
Scans showed that grey atter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before astering a new language, the saller the difference.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It eans that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualis and aths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and akes the brain ore flexible (灵活的),"he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were atched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and coprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language eans you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
68. The ain subject talked about in this passage is ______.
A. science on learning a second language
B. an’s ability of learning a second language
C. 1anguage can help brain power
D. 1anguage learning and aths study
69. In the second paragraph, the writer entions “exercise” in order to ______.
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs ore practice when he (she) is learning a language
C. to show the iportance of using the language when you learn the language
D. ake people believe language learning helps grey atter work well
70. The underlined word “bilingual'’ probably eans ______.
A. a researcher on language learning
B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages
C. a person who can speak two languages
D. an active language learner
（出处：河北省衡水中学高三第一次调研英语试卷）
【参考答案】CDC