高中英语知识点：反意疑问句

反意疑问句的概念：

表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。
反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1、陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式，可记为前肯后否。
2、陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式，可记为前否后肯。
例如：This pencil is red, isn't it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
This pencil isn't red, is it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

反意疑问句类型：

1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.
如：I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I?
2）陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语。
如：I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3）陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
如：The Swede made no answer, did he/she?
Some plants never blown(开花), do they?
4）含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。
如：He ought to know what to do,oughtn't he?/shouldn't he?
5）陈述部分有have to+v.(had to+v.)，疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。
如：We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6）陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。
如：He used to take pictures there, didn't he?/usedn't he?
7）陈述部分有had better+v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
如：You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8）陈述部分有would rather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。
如：He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9）陈述部分有You'd like to+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。
如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10）陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
如：He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you?/didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

反意疑问句用法总结：

陈述部分的谓语	疑问部分
I'	aren’t I
wish	may + 主语
no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词	肯定含义
ought to（肯定的）	shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.)	don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to	didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v.	hadn't you
would rather + v.	wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v.	wouldn't +主语
must	根据实际情况而定
感叹句中	be +主语
neither…nor, either…or 连接的并列主语	根据其实际逻辑意义而定
指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this	主语用it
并列复合句	谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句	根据主句的谓语而定
think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导	与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one	复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need dare, need 为实义动词	need (dare ) +主语 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 Let's 开头的祈使句	will you？shall we? will you?
there be	相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词	仍用否定形式
must表"推测"	根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

反意疑问句特殊用法点拨：

1、感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。
如：What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
2、陈述部分由neither...nor, either...or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
如：Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
3、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this，疑问部分主语用it。
如：Everything is ready, isn't it?
4、陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
如：Mr. Smith had been to Bei jing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。
如：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c.上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
如：I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
5、陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, noone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
如：Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(doeshe?)
Nobody knows about it, do they?(doeshe?)
6、带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。
如：We need not do it again, need we?
He dare not say so,dare you? 当dare, need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语。
如：She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
7、省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
如：Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you/won't you? 注意：Let's开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us开头的祈使句，后用will you?
如：Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?
8、陈述部分是"therebe"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
如：There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
9、否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
如：It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
10、must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
如：He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

反意疑问句知识体系：

复合句的反意疑问句：

1、当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是，当陈述部分的主语是：I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时，附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语，谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
如：I think there is something wrong with the washer, isn't there?
We don't suppose he cares, does he?
2、当陈述部分是I'm sure that；we are sure；I'm afraid that；We are sure that；I feel sure that等后面跟宾语从句时，反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。
3、当陈述部分是并列句时，附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
如：We must redouble our efforts, or we'll not be able to catch up with the others, willwe?

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