逍遥学能 2017-12-10 13:49
◆express v.
1. 表示“表达”、“表示”等,通常不接双宾语。如:
他对她表示了他的谢意。
误:He expressed her his thanks.
正:He expressed his thanks to her.
2. 有时可接反身代词作宾语,其意为表达自己的意思、思想、感情等。如:
Have I expressed myself clearly? 我的意思讲清了吗?
He is still unable to express himelf in English. 他还不能用英语表达自己的意思。
3. 其后一般不接 that-从句,但可接疑问词引导的从句。如:
I can’t express (to you) how grateful I am for your help. 你对我的帮助,我感激不尽。
他表示对我们的工作很满意。
误:He expressed that he was satisfied with our work.
正:He said that he was satisfied with our work.
正:He expressed himself (as) satisfied with our work.
4. 注意以下词类的用法:
(1) 用作形容词,表示运送或传递等迅速的或快捷的等。如:an express train(快车),an express letter(快信)
(2) 用作副词,表示用快邮寄送或乘快车等。如:
The parcel was sent express. 这包裹是用快邮寄的。
He likes to travel express. 他喜欢乘快车旅行。
(3) 用作名词,表示快车或快邮等。如:
He came by the midnight express. 他乘午夜的快车来的。
The letter was sent by express. 这信是用快件邮寄的。
◆extra adj. & adv.
1. 用作形容词,表示“额外的”、“另加的”,通常用作定语。如:
We need extra money. 我们另外还需要一些钱。
The bus company provided extra buses because there wereso many people. 因为人太多,汽车公司派出了加班车。
表示“另外收费的”,通常用作表语。如:
Dinner costs 30 dollars, and wine is extra. 饭菜30美元,酒费在外。
In our hotel room service is not extra. 在我们的旅馆里不另收房间服务费。
2. 用作副词,表示“特别地”、“格外地”、“非常”,主要用来修饰形容词或副词。如: They worked extra hard. 他们工作特别努力。
He is extra polite to his boss. 他对他的老板特别有客气。
表示“额外地”、“另加地”,主要用于收费方面,通常用来修饰动词(有时也放在名词后)。如:
They charge extra for wine. 他们对酒另外收费。
I had to pay 5 yuan extra. 我不得不另外付了5元。
3. 用作名词,意为“额外的钱或费用(即附加费)”、“另收费项目”等,通常为可数名词。如:
Breakfast is an extra at this hotel. 这家旅馆早餐要另外收费。
有时表示“(演群众角色的)临时演员”、“(报纸的)号外”等。
◆ face n. & v.
1. 用作名词,表示“脸”,注意其前连用介词的大致情形:
(1) 表示打在脸上,通常用介词 in。如: He hit me in the face. 他打了我的耳光。
His wife slapped him in the face. 他妻子打他耳光。
注:有时也可能用介词 on, 如下面两句均摘自权威英美词典:
He was struck on the face. 他被打了一记耳光。
She hit [struck] him hard on the face. 她用力地打他耳光。
(2) 表示面部表情等,通常用介词 on。如:
He had a surprised expression on his face. 他脸上露出了惊讶的表情。
He came with a smile on his face. 他微笑着走来。
比较:He came with a smiling face. 他微笑着走来。
(3) 表示直视某人的脸,通常用介词 in。如:
He looked her in the face. 他直视她的脸。
注:这里的不及物动词 look 后不用介词 at。
(4) 表示当着某人的面,通常用介词 in, to, before 等。如:
He slammed the door in my face. 他当着我的面把门砰地关上了。
He wouldn’t say rude things about her to her face. 他不会当着她的面说她的粗鲁话。
2. 与汉语一致的习惯表达:face to face (with) (与……) 面对面,面临,have the face to do sth(居然有脸做某事),save face(顾全面子),lose one’s face(丢脸)等有些表达与汉语意思相差较大:make faces [a face] at [to] sb(对某人做鬼脸或做苦相),pull [wear, put on] a long face(板着脸,哭丧着脸),have two faces(口是心非,耍两面手法),in (the) face of(在……面前)等
3. 用作动词,用于本义,表示“朝向”,可用作及物或不及物动词。如:
Turn round and face me. 转过身来面对着我。
The window faces (on) the street. 窗户对着街道。
The building faces (toward the) north. 建筑物座南朝北。
注:用作引申义,表示“面临”、“正视”等,通常只用作及物动词。如:
He faced the danger bravely. 他勇敢地面对困难。
有时用于 be faced with, 表示“面临”等。如: They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。