逍遥学能 2017-12-07 12:55
高考英语理解巩固精品题练习（17）及答案
理解
Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have coe in distinct waves fro distinct regions. ost of the great perforers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenoenon. “It is very clear,” he told e. “They were all Jews and Jews at the tie were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s drea was to have a child in the usic school because it was a passport to the West.
Another eleent in the eergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the ost nurturing societies see to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a ost copetitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stern, children are ready to test their liits every day in any fields, including usic. When Western usic cae to Japan after World War II, that usic not only becae part of their daily lives, but it becae a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly otivated as the Japanese.
That’s a good thing, because even prodigies ust work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance（遗传） plays an iportant role in the aking of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for exaple, was the top of several generations of usicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in usic.
53.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend usic school because ________.
A. it would allow the access to a better life in the West
B. Jewish children are born with excellent usical talent
C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D. it would enable the faily to get better treatent in their own country
54.Nurturing societies as entioned in the passage refer to societies that ________.
A. are highly otivated in the education of usic
B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full developent
C. encourage people to copete with each other
D. proise talented children high positions
55.Which of the following contributes to the eergence of usical prodigies according to the passage?
A. a natural gift.B. extensive knowledge of usic.
C. very early training.D. a prejudice-free society.
56.Which of the following titles best suarizes the ain idea of the passage?
A. Jewish Contribution to usic B. Training of usicians in the World
C. usic and SocietyD. The aking of usic Prodigies
参考答案53～56 ABAD
C8[?山东卷] C
You can't always predict a heavy rain or reeber your ubrella. But designer ikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lapbrella, a lap post with its own rain－sensing ubrella.
The designer says he cae up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street laps lighting up people trying to hide fro the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lap，” he said.
The Lapbrella is a standard－looking street lap fitted with an ubrella canopy. It has a built－in electric otor which can open or close the ubrella on deand. Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the ubrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor, there's also a 360° otion sensor on the fiberglass street lap which detects whether anyone is using the Lapbrella.After three inutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer, the Lapbrella would ove at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause har to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect fro possible lightning strike. Each Lapbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 eters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lapbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one oscow Departent, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.
66. For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lapbrella?
A. To predict a heavy rain.
B. To check the weather forecast.
C. To protect people fro the rain.
D. To reind people to take an ubrella.
67．What do we know fro Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?
A. His creation was inspired by an experience.
B. It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.
C. Street laps are protected by canopies.
D. He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.
68．Which of the following shows how the Lapbrella works?
A. otor→canopy→sensors
B. sensors→otor→canopy
C. otor→sensors→canopy
D. canopy→otor→sensors
69．What does Paragraph 5 ainly tell us about the Lapbrella?
A. Its oving speed. B. Its appearance.
C. Its installation. D. Its safety.
70．What can be inferred fro the last paragraph?
A. The designer will open a copany to proote his product.
B. The Lapbrella could be put into iediate production.
C. The designer is confident that his creation is practical.
D. The Lapbrella would be put on show in osco
【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍设计师ikhail Belyaev设计的Lapbrella，它能给街道上的人们遮雨。虽然这一设计还没有实施，但是ikhail Belyaev却对自己的设计很自信。
66．C 考查细节理解。从第一段的“But designer ikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lapbrella…”可知ikhail Belyaev设计Lapbrella是为了给街道上的人们遮雨的。
67．A 考查推理判断。从ikhail Belyaev 说的话“I was driving…and saw the street laps lighting up people trying to hide fro the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lap.”可知，他的创意灵感来自他的一次生活体验。故选A。
68．B 考查细节理解。从第三段的内容可找到答案，Lapbrella工作的过程是先通过传感器(sensors)，传到发动机(otor)，再到伞篷(canopy)打开。故选B。
69．D 考查主旨大意。从本段的“so as not to cause har to the pedestrians”和“Being installed at 2 eters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians”可知该段是讲Lapbrella的安全性。
70．C 考查推理判断。从本段ikhail Belyaev说的话看出他对自己的设计很自信。故选C。
阅读理解
I proised ichael I wouldn’t ention this until the season was over．Now l think it's tie．
Early last season, I wrote a colun about an art of kindness I had seen Jordan do to a disabled child outside the stadiu．After it ran，I got a call fro a an in the western suburbs．He said，“I read what you wrote about Jordan．but I thought I should tell you another thing I saw．”
Here it coes, I thought. It always does. Write soething nice about a person, and people call you up to say that the person is not so nice.
A few weeks later Jordan and I were talking about soething else before a gae, and I brought up what the an had said. Was the an right? Had Jordan really been talking to those two boys in that poor and dirty neighborhood?
"Not two boys," Jordan said. "But four."
And he naed the. He said four naes. And what did they talk about?
"Everything,” Jordan said. " Anything. I’ve asked to see their grades so that I can check to see if they're paying attention to their study. If it turns out that one or two of the ay need teaching, I ake sure they get it."
It's just one ore part of ichael Jordan's life，one ore thing that no one knows about, and one ore thing Jordan does fight for. The NBA season is over now, and those boys have their eories. So do J! When the expert reviewers begin to turn against Jordan as they surely will, I'll think about those boys under the streetlight, waiting for the an they know to coe. For soeone they can depend on.
57. The writer wrote this story about Jordan and his young friends because _______
A. he thought highly of Jordan's deeds
B. he hated to see Jordan do soething bad
C. he believed it was tie to help the disabled
D. he felt sure he needn't keep the proise then
58. A an in the western suburbs ade a call to_______
A. know why Jordan stopped in a bad area
B. get a chance to becoe faous hiself
C. let the writer know Jordan was not that nice
D. offer an exaple to show how Jordan helped others
59. Jordan talked with the boys because he _______.
A. needed their support
B. had proised to do so
C. liked to teach the to play basketball
D. wanted to ake sure they all studied well
60. The text iplies that Jordan is _______.
A. an excellent basketball player
B. good at dealing with probles of life
C. always ready to ake friends with young people
D. willing to do whatever he can for the good of society
参考答案 57～60 ACDD
阅读理解-------（A）
To Chinese iigrants, in the id-1800s, California was “The Land of the Golden ountain.” In their hoeland they had heard the words, “There’s gold in California.” They sailed 7,000 iles to join the gold rush and strike it rich. Between 1849 and 1882, ore than 30,000 Chinese cae to California. ost were en. They had been farers in China. They cae here to be iners and laborers. They ended up doing any other jobs, too.
Like any other iigrants, they did not plan to stay in Aerica. They cae because of their ties to their hoeland and their failies. They planned to return to China with their fortunes and help their failies.
Only a few Chinese gold iners struck it rich. ost picked over the areas that had been ined already. But still, white iners resented the Chinese. Slowly, they drove the “yellow peril” fro the ining caps.
By the end of the 1850s, any Chinese returned hoe. Those who stayed found other jobs.
Few woen had coe west in the gold rush. The Chinese saw a good business opportunity. They began doing the jobs woen would have done. any becae house servants. any ore opened laundries.
The Chinese opened restaurants. Chop suey and show ein are popular Chinese-Aerican dishes. The Chinese probably created these dishes to serve to the white iners.
Other Chinese becae fisheren, farers, and even cigar akers.
41. Why did Chinese go to Aerica in the id-1800s?
A. Because they could find good jobs there.
B. Because they had found gold there.
C. Because they could open laundries and restaurants there.
D. Because they heard there was gold there.
42. The underlined word “resented” ean “________”.
A. liked B. helped C. hated D. served
43. Which of the following was NOT entioned in the passage?
A. Soe Chinese becae drivers.
B. any Chinese opened shops to help wash clothes.
C. any Chinese picked gold around the old ines.
D. any Chinese returned to China by the end of the 1850s.
44. Which should be the title of the passage?
A. Early Chinese iigrants in Aerica
B. Drea to strike it rich
C. The difference between en and woen
D. Gold iners in Aerica
参考答案41---44DCAA
C8[?四川卷] E
Fear ay be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of soeone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were ore likely to feel a sense of fear at the oent when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and puping blood around their bodies，copared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex edical School said：“Our study shows for the first tie that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is puping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.”
To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪)to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
“We have found an iportant echanis by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.
“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we ay be able to develop ore successful treatents for anxiety disorders，and also for those who ay be suffering fro serious stress disorder.”
47．What is the finding of the study?
A. One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C. Fear has soething to do with one's health.
D. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
48．The study was carried out by analyzing ________.
A. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B. the tie volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data fro their brain scans
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain counication
49．Which of the following is closest in eaning to “echanis” in Paragraph 6?
A. Order. B. Syste.
C. achine. D. Treatent.
50．This study ay contribute to ________．
A. treating anxiety and stress better
B. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C. finding the key to the heart－brain counication
D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。说明了人的恐惧与心脏和大脑的关系。
47．A 细节理解题。根据第四段 “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is puping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.” 可知一个人的心脏影响一个人的恐惧程度。故选A。
48．C 细节理解题。根据第四段“The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.”以及第五段“To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪)to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.”可知选C。
49．B 词义猜测题。根据第六段“We have found an iportant echanis by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear”可知，我们已经发现了一个重要的机制，使心脏和大脑“对话”，以此来改变我们的感情和减少恐惧。故选B。
50．A 推理。根据最后一段“…we ay be able to develop ore successful treatents for anxiety disorders, and also for those who ay be suffering fro serious stress disorder.”可推出选A。