逍遥学能 2017-08-07 11:47
◆careless adj.
1. 注意以下句型：
你把钱包放在这里真是太大意了。
正：It was careless of you to leave your wallet here.
正：You were careless to leave your wallet here.
以上第一句句首的 it 为形式主语，不能改为 that。但是若以上句型后面不出现不定式，那么句首的 it 也可换为 that。如：
他太粗心了。
正:It was very careless of him.
正:That’s very careless of him.
2. 比较：
正：He was careless to make the mistake. 他很粗心，结果出 了错。(句中的不定式为结果状语)
正：He was so careless as to make the mistake. (同上)
正：He was careless in typing the letter. 他打这封信时很 粗心。(句中的 in typing the letter有类似 when he was typing the letter 的意思)
误：He was careless to type the letter. (若此句视为正句，则只能理解为：他很粗心，结果把那封信打印了出来)
3. 表示“不在意的”、“不关心的”等，其后可接介词 about, of, with 等。如：
He’s careless of [about] his speech. 他讲话随便。
She is careless of [with] his health. 她不注意身体。
He is careless with his pronunciation. 他对语音不注意。
Don’t be so careless with your money. 你花钱不要这样随便。
◆carry v.
1. 表示“带”、“携带”，通常与方向无关。如：
Let me carry it for you. 让我替你扛吧。
How much baggage can I carry with me? 我可以随身带多少行李?
注：要表示方向，需借助有关介词。如：
Carry it to the station. 把它带到车站去。
2. 比较其后接 on, out, through 所表示的不同含义。如：
We will carry on our discussion tomorrow. 我们明天将继续讨论。(carry on＝继续进行)
We expect her to carry out her promises. 我们希望她履行诺言。(carry out＝实现，执行，实行)
He carried through the work in a month. 他在一个月之内就完成了工作。(carry through＝完成，进行到底)
◆case n.
1. 比较 in case 与 in case of
(1) in case 通常用作连词，表示目的或条件，意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如：
In case he comes, let me know. 万一他来，告诉我一声。
Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。
有时用作副词，意为“以防万一”。如：
It may not rain, but you had better take an umbrella in case. 可能不会下雨，但你最好还是带把雨伞，以防万一。
(2) in case of 是复合介词，意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如：
In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 万一失火，请按警铃。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞，以防下雨。
2. 常用短语：
(1) in any case 意为“不管怎样”、“无论如何”。如：
In any case, come in time. 无论如何你要及时来。
(2) in no case 意为“绝不”、“在任何情况下都不(若置于句首，句子用倒装)。如：
In no case should you tell him. 你绝不能告诉他。
(3) in that case 意为“既然如此”、“假若如此”。如：
You have finished, haven’t you? In that case, you may go.
你已完工了，是不是? 既然如此，你可走了。