逍遥学能 2017-05-31 09:03
◆anyone,anything etc.
1. 由 some-,any-,no-,every- 加上 -body, -one, -thing构成的不定代词叫复合不定代词。这些词在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。
2. 复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面。如:
There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。
Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗?
3. 指人的复合不定代词(即 some-,any-,no-,every- 加上 -one, -body 构成)若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their。如:
Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]? 人人都知道这一点,不是吗?
If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。
4. 指事物的复合不定代词(即由 some-,any-,no-,every- 加上-thing 构成)若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用 it, 而不用 they。如:
Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了,是吗?
5. 含有 any-的复合不定代词用于否定句时,要放在否定词之前,而不能放在否定词之后(参见 any 的有关用法)。如:
正: Nobody [No one] can do it. 这事谁也干不了。
误: Anybody [Anyone] cannot do it.
正:Nothing can prevent me from going. 什么也不能阻挡我 去。
误:Anything cannot prevent me from going.
6. anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物;且其后一般不能接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语,可用 any one, every one (分开写)。如:
any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本)
every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校)