Mainly Revision

Book Three Unit 6 Mainly Revision
一、本单元知识目标

　1.掌握以下单词及用法：
　badly allow deep understand amaze however colourful dead
　society since cover earth ocean pollute group terrific sometime
　deal shark alike attack Africa warn appear

　2.理解以下单词：
　explore explorer watchtower

　3.掌握以下词组及用法：
　be amazed at clean up as long as on earth
　4.复习1-5单元出现的日常交际用语
　5.语法
　复习现在完成时和宾语从句。
二、本单元课文难点讲解

　Lesson 21

　1. What have they gone there for? 他们为什么上那里去？
　what…for = why
　eg. What did you do that for? 你为什么这样做？
　= Why did you do it?

　Lesson 22

　1. Not too long ago, people couldn't go scuba diving on Hainan Island, or anywhere else. 不太久以前，人们在海南岛或任何其他地方还不能戴水肺潜水。

　① not too long ago：不是很久以前

　② not… or：既不…也不。
　eg. He could not eat or drink gold. 他既不能吃也不能喝金子。
　= He could neither eat nor drink gold.
　The pupil doesn't like math or Chinese. 这个小学生既不喜欢数学，也不喜欢语文。
　= The pupil likes neither math nor Chinese.

　③ 该句中的else是一个副词(adv)，常用于疑问词和某些代名词后。
　eg. What else do you want? 你还要什么？
　When else can we come again? 我们什么时候还能来呢？
　Little else remains to be done today.今天没有什么事要做的了。
　In the dark she hurried to put on someone else's coat.
　黑暗中她匆匆忙忙地穿上了一件别人的外套。
　We went to the museum and nowhere else. 我们到博物馆去了,其他什么地方也没去。

　2. This was because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for a long time. 这是因为没有一种可以让人在水底下长时间呼吸的机器。
　句中的allowing用来修饰名词machine。
　3. In 1943 Jacques Cousteau and his friend made it possible by inventing the scuba machine.
　1943年，雅克库斯托和他的朋友发明了水下呼吸器，这才使得人们在水下长时间的呼吸成为了可能。

　① … made it possible…中的it用来指代上文中的 "breathe under water for a long time"。

　② by表示通过某种手段、方式等，后面常接动词的-ing形式。
　eg. She earned money by writing. 她靠写作挣钱。
　We went by air. 我们乘飞机走。
　4. Cousteau was very interested in diving deep into the sea. 库斯托对深海潜水十分感兴趣。
　be interested in：对…感兴趣。
　5.As he explored the sea, he took pictures and videos of many things that people had never seen before. 在探索海洋的过程中，他对许多鲜为人知的事物进行了拍摄和录像。

　① 该句是一个复合句，其中包含一个由that引导的定语从句：that people had never seen before，用来修饰名词things.

　② as在该句中的意思是"当、正值"。
　eg. He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。
　6. He even made a TV show which ran for eight years. 他甚至还做了电视节目，该节目上演了8年。

　① 该句也是一个复合句，其中包含一个由which引导的定语从句：which ran for eight years，用来修饰名词a TV show.

　② 该句中的ran（run的过去时）意思是"上演、继续"。
　eg. The insurance runs for another month. 保险有效期还有一个月。
　7. As a boy, Cousteau loved the coral reefs in the sea by his home. 小的时侯，库克斯热爱家附近的海里的珊瑚礁。

　① as在该句中用作介词（prep），指处于某段时期之中，等于When he was a boy.

　② as用作介词时，也能用来指处于某种状态、性质、情况、工作等之中。
　Eg. He works as a driver. 他以开汽车为业。
　The kitten uses that box as a bed. 小猫把那盒子当作床。

　③ 句中的by意思是"在近处；在旁边"。
　Eg. A nurse is standing by the window. 一位护士站在窗户旁边。
　He put the tape on a table by the bed他把磁带放在了床边的桌子上。
　8. He was amazed at all the colours, and all the beautiful fish. 他对海洋中的五彩斑斓的颜色和漂亮的鱼群感到惊叹不已。
　be amazed at：对…感到惊讶。
　eg. Visitors were amazed at the achievements in the car manufacture of the city during the 　　past decade. 参观者对这城市过去十年中汽车制造工业的成就感到惊奇。
　I was amazed by the news of George's sudden death.听到乔治突然去逝的消息,我感到惊愕。
　9. Since water covers most of the earth, Cousteau knew we should keep the seas clean. 库克斯意识到我们应该保持海洋的清洁，因为水覆盖了地球的大部分。
　句中的since意思是"因为、既然。
　eg. Since you ask, I will tell you. 你既然问，我就告诉你。
　Since many of the customers work during the day, Billy has to collect the money at night.
　因为许多顾客白天上班,所以毕利只好晚上去收钱。

　10. As water is very important to our environment, he encourage everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.

　① as在该句中的意思"由于"。

　② encourage sb to do sth：鼓励某人做某事。
　Eg. I encouraged her to work hard and to try for the examinations.
　我鼓励她用功并为这次考试做努力。
　The headmaster encouraged the candidates for the national math competition to strive for the best results.
　校长鼓励参加全国数学竞赛的选手们争取最好的成绩。

　③ take part in：参与、参加
　eg. He took part in the game and won the first place. 他参加了比赛并获得了冠军。
　Lesson 23

　1. I've been down as long as two hours.我在水下长达两小时。
　as… as：用来表示强调。
　eg. They walked as far as the foot of the mountain. 他们一直走到那座山的山脚下。
　The girl owns a bag as big as a small tent. 这个女孩有一个像小帐篷那么大的包。
　2. That's a deal!就这样说定了！
　deal在这里是指"口头协议"，表示某人同意做某事或某事成交了。
　eg. OK, let's make a deal. 好吧，我们来订个协议。
　Lesson 24

　1. A shark is a fish, but it has many differences from a fish.鲨鱼是一种鱼，但是又与鱼有很多不同之处。
　2. Not all sharks are alike. 并非所有的鲨鱼都一样。

　① not all："并非所有…都…"，常用来表示部分否定。
　eg. Not all the desks are made of wood. 不是所有的桌子都是木制的。
　Not all the agreements are legal. 并非所有的协议都是合法的。

　② alike此处用作形容词，意思是"相同的、相似的"。也能用作副词。
　Eg. The two sisters are very alike. 两姐妹非常相像。
　They were all dressed alike in white dresses. 他们都是一样的白色装束。

　3. It eats plants from the sea, but many sharks feed on fish, other sea animals, smaller 　sharks and sometimes they eat people. 它（鲨鱼）吃海中的植物。但是许多鲨鱼吃鱼、其它海中动物、小鲨鱼，有时还吃人。
　feed on sth：以…为食。
　4. It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark. 据说大白鲨是最危险的鲨鱼之一。
　It's said that…：据说。
　5. They have attacked a number of people off the beaches of Australia. 它们（鲨鱼）在美国沙滩附近伤过很多人。
　attack在此句中用作动词，意思是"攻击，袭击"。
　eg. The disease attacked his bones. 病患已侵袭了他的骨骼。
　6. Australia, New Zealand and South Africa also have shark attacks. 澳大利亚、新西兰和南非也曾发生过鲨鱼伤人事件。
　attack在此句中用作名词。
　7. In some places there are watchtowers on the beaches to warn people about sharks in the 　water. 有些地方的海滩上有嘹望塔，用来警告人们水中的鲨鱼。
　warn：警告、提醒。（常与about, against连用。也常与that连用，后接句子。）
　eg. She warned me about the dangerous road, so I crossed it carefully.
　她提醒我这条马路很危险，因此我过马路小心翼翼。
　The whistle warned visitors that the ship was ready to sail. 汽笛提醒旅客船即将启航。
三、本单元词语辨析
　1. Yes, a man is hurt, but not badly. （Lesson 21）
　bad/ badly
　这两个词的意思含有“坏、糟、严重”等意思，且它们有共同的比较级worse和最高级worst 。
　① bad是一个形容词，意思是“坏的，糟糕的，差的，严重的”。

　I don’t think he is a bad person.我并不认为他是一个坏人。
　I had a bad headache.我的头疼得很厉害。
　The house is in a bad condition. 房子失修了。
　②badly是一个副词，意思是“不好地，差”，也可以表示程度，意为“严重地，非常，极度”。

　We need help badly.我们急需帮助。
　His arm was badly hurt.他的胳膊严重受伤了。
　Our school team played badly in the match.我们校队在比赛中打得很糟。
　2. Cousteau was very interested in diving deep into the sea. (Lesson 22)
　interested/ interesting
　① interested是指“对…产生兴趣的，对…感兴趣的”，一般用人做主语，后常用介词in.

　He was interested in biology before.他以前对生物感兴趣。
　I’m not interested in art.我对艺术不感兴趣。
　Women are always interested in fashions.女人总对时装感兴趣。
　②interesting的意思是“有趣的”，指能够给人带来兴趣的某人或某事物。
　He is an interesting old man.他是个有趣的老头。
　The interesting story attracted me. 这个有趣的故事吸引了我。
　It was interesting that he ran away! 有趣的是他跑了！
　3. When he returned some years later, the colourful coral reefs are dead. (Lesson 22)
　dead/ die/ death/ dying
　① dead是形容词，意思为“死了的、无生命的”，表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。
　
　The tree has been dead for ten years.这棵树死了有十年了。
　The rabbits are all dead. 这些兔子都是死的。
　She looked at her dead cat sadly.她伤心地看着她死去的猫。
② die是动词，意思为“死、死亡”，是一个瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。

　My grandpa died two years ago.我爷爷两年前去世了。
　The old man died of cancer.老人死于癌症。
　The fish will die without water.离开水鱼会死去。
　③ death是名词，意思为“死亡、去世”等。

　The memorial hall was built one year after his death.他死后一年，纪念馆建成了。
　His death is a great loss to us.他的死是我们的巨大损失。
　Car accidents have caused a lot of deaths. 车祸造成很多人死亡。
　④ dying 是die的现在分词，用作形容词，意思是“垂死的、即将死去的”。
　The doctors have saved the dying man.医生们救活了那个垂死的人。
　The poor dog had no food, it was dying.可怜的狗没有食物,快要饿死了。
　The dying father wanted to see her son. 那个垂死的父亲想见他的儿子。

四、同步练习

　Ⅰ补全对话

　( Jim and Han Li are talking about the coming summer holiday.)
　Ben: Hello, Han li, where are you going for your summer holiday?
　Han Li: I'm ___1___ sure. I'm thinking ___2___ going to Guilin. What about you?
　Ben: I'm going to Chongqing and Wuhan ___3___ my parents.
　Han Li: ___4___ are you going there?
　Ben: First we'll fly to Wuhan, and then go to Chongqing ___5___ ship.
　Han Li: That's a good ___6____. I'm sure you'll enjoy it. ___7___ you a pleasant
journey!
　Ben: Thank you!
　Ⅱ 完成句子。

　1. 你为什么把收音机开这么大声？
　______ do you turn your radio so loud _____ ?

　2. 整个会议将持续3个小时。
　The whole meeting will ______ ______ 3 hours.

　3. 我们都喜欢跟那只小狗玩。
　We all like ______ ______ with the dog.

　4. 很抱歉，我没有带食物。
　I'm sorry, I don't ______ any food ______ me.

　5 .你的新录音机是什么样？
　What ______ your new recorder ______ ?

　6. 谢谢你告诉我这个消息。
　Thank you ______ ______ me the news.

　7. 昨晚他们直到十一点才停止谈话。
　They ______ stop talking ______ 11 o'clock last night.

　8. 这是一封露茜写给小帆的信。
　This is a letter ______ Lucy ______ Xiaofan.

五、同步练习答案及讲解

　Ⅰ补全对话
　1. not 2. about 3. with 4. How 5. by 6. idea 7. Wish

　Ⅱ 完成句子

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