逍遥学能 2013-01-28 11:52
有关动词的重点：只有动词才能作谓语。动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词等。
（一）联系动词：be，become(成为)，turn( 变颜色)，grow(变天气)，look，smell，taste，
sound(good√，well×)，seem，feel。
（二）有关use的词组：① used to do过去常常作，be used to doing 习惯于。
1. ---y aunt goes to climb mount Gu every Sunday.
---Oh !But she________hate climbing mountain.
A. used to B. use to C. uses to D. is used to
2. Lilei is used to getting early.
注意：used to do 的否定式为used not to do 或didn’t use to
疑问式为：Did sb use to? 或 used sb…?
② 人+use sth for doing = 人+use sth to do 用某物做…
其被动形式为：物+be used to do = 物+be used for doing
People use stone for building houses = People use stone to build houses.
Stone is used for building houses = Stone is used to build houses.
（三）can’t表示“不可能”即否定性推测。mustn’t禁止、不可能；
must“一定”表示肯定性推测；must引起的问句，其否定回答为needn’t.
1. The man _______be Li Lei.
Li Lei has gone to Beijing.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t
2. A lot of cars are coming and going. You_______go across the street.
A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. must
3. ust I return the book tomorrow morning? No, you_______. You_______keep it for three days.
A. mustn’t, may B. mustn’t, must C. needn’t, can D. needn’t, may
4. ---Look! The man at the gate _______be our headmaster. He is always standing there every
morning. ---No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in the office no
A. must, can’t B. must, mustn’t C. can, can’t D. can, mustn’t
（四）及物动词与介词搭配：give, show, pass, lend+物+to+ sb = give(…)sb sth
make, sing, buy+物+for+ sb = make(sing, buy )sb sth
（五）及物动词+副词结构, 构成的动词短语的宾语是人称代词时，把代词放中间
get (it) back，put (it) on，take (it) off，turn (it) on，pick (it) up，try (it) on，
look (it) up，wake (me) up，put (it) up.
1. Smoking is bad for your health. You’d better_______.
A. give up it B. give it up C. take out it D. take it out
基础知识：情态动词
（一）can：①表能力“能，会”；②表推测“可能”；③表允许“可以”。
1. --- you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. ---Sure, Here it is.
A. Can B. Need C. ight D. ust
（二）could：can的过去式，表过去的能力。但could本身也可作情态动词，表委婉请求。
（三）may：①允许“可以”；②表推测“可能”。
1. I swim when I was ten years old.
2. John go there with as tonight, but he is not very sure about it.
A. must B. can C. will D. may
（四）must：①主观看法“必须”；②推测“一定”。
（五）need：①情态动词：need+动原②实义动词：need to do③need doing=need to be done
1. You worry about me. It’s nothing serious.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
（六）情态动词的被动态：情态动词+be+过分
（七）may be 和maybe ①maybe用于句首，可能；②may be可能是
1. If you eat bad food, you ill. A. may be B. can’t be C. must D. maybe
练习
1. ---ay we play football in the street?---No, you . It’s dangerous.
A. can B. mustn’t C. may D. may not
2. The man in the office be r. Black because he w ent home just no
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
3. The old man was quite weak after the accident. So he .
A. must be take care of B. must take care of C. must be looked after
4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river.
A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown C. can’t throw D. may not throw
5. ---Hurry up, please!---It’s quite early, you worry about the time.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t
6. ---There’s somebody at the door. Who it be?
---No, it be him. It’s just seven o’clock. It’s too early.
A. may, can’t B. will, won’t C. may, mustn’t
7. ---Excuse me, could I borrow some money from you?---Of course you .
A. could B. can C. must D. need
8. The flower every day, or they’ll die.
A. must water B. can be watered C. should water D. must be watered
9. ---What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting.
---He said that I better. A. can do B. am C. will do D. could do
10. ---Where’s Lucy?---I’m not sure. She in the library.
A. maybe B. must C. may be D. will be
主谓一致即谓语动词的数与主语的单复 数一致：
（一）One，every one，each one，any one，each，either，nine of+复数+单谓。
Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is able to answer it.
1. Neither of the two brothers with their parents.
A. live B. are living C. like to live D. lives
2. of the boys in Class4 is playing games.
A. All B. Each C. The both
（二）不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语用单数
To teach is to learn. Playing with fire is dangerous.
1. Palying baseball Dale’s favourite sport.
A. is B. are C. were
（三）主语后跟含有with. except. together. with. as well as等短语时, 单复数应根据主语而定，而不受这些短语的影响。
1. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
（四）主语为people. Police. cattle（家禽）poultry（家畜）等时，谓语用复数。
The police are looking for the missing child. ost people think so.
（五）主语为复数而意义为单数，谓语用单数：
①news，works（作品，工作），physics，politic政治，mathematics数学，谓语用单数；
②trousers, Shoes, glasses为主语时, 谓语用复数，当前面有a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。
1. I think physics ________maths.
A. is so useful as B. are more useful as
C. are as useful as D. is much more useful than
（六）表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语做主语时，即使其中的名词为复数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式：
Three years has already passed quickly.
Fifty yuan is enough.
（七）由every，some，any，no构成的复合不定式代词做主语时，谓语用单数。
1. Every girl ________to attend the English Party.
A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like
（八）就近原则：由either…or，Neither…nor，not only…but also连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
1. Not only students but also their teacher ________the plan.
A. object B. objects C. is object D. is objected
There be句型中连接并列的主谓时，谓语用就近原则。
There is a girl and four boys in the room.
2. There some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
（九）so，neither倒装句：so do I句型（即so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语），表示“两种情 况相同”。注意：时态和数要一致。
So I do陈述语序，表示“的确如此”。
Neither/Nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示“两种情况都不”
1. ---Tom bought a computer yesterday. ---So she. (so he )
2. ---The boy didn’t go to the Park. ---Neither (nor) I.
（十）由and连接两个不同的单数名词或代词作主语时，表示不同概念时，谓语动词用复数；而表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Jack and Tom look heathy and strong.
The poet and musician visits our school today.
（十一）the+姓氏s 表示“一家人”，谓语动词用复数。
The Blacks enjoy working in China.
（十二）a number of+名复+复谓 表示“很多”；
the number of+名复+单谓 表示“…的数目”。
The number of people invited more than 200, and a number of them been here no
A. were, has B. were, have C. was, has D. was, have
练习
1．Neither Wei Hua nor Ann ________ on the team．
A．is B．are C．goes D．go
2．“I think neither this shirt nor that one ________ good”，he said．
A．are B．is C．were D．was
3．This is iss Gao．She ________ your new teacher．
A．be B．am C．is D．are
4．His parents ________ coming to meet the teacher tonight．
A．are B．were C．is
5．How much milk ________ in the bottle？
A．has B．are there C．is there
6．Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meeting began．
A．is B．was C．are D．were
7．________ Lily ________ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home． A．Not only ；but also
B．Neither；nor
C．Both；and
D．Either；or
8．________ the population of China？
A．How much is
B．How many are
C．What is
D．What number is
9．Jenny and her parents ________ going to visit the Palace useum tomorrow A．is B．am C．are D．be
10．Neither the students nor the teacher ________ in the classroom the moment．
A．were B．was C．weren't D．wasn't
11．—How many students are there in your school？
—________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand．
A．The number of；is
B．The number of；are
C．A number of；is
D．A number of；are
12．—Are the twins on the football team？
—No，neither of them ________ on the team．
A．is B．are C．were D．be
13．Either Bob or Peter ________ watching the 17th World Cup now．
A．is B．are C．am D．be
英语主谓一致考查题例答案与详解
1．A。neither．．．nor．．．连接两个并列主语时，应根据“就近一致”的原则，谓语动词的数与nor后面的词语相一致。
2．B。同上。
3．C。主语为单数第三人称。
4．A。一般现在时，主语为复数。
5．C。主语是不可数名词，动词用单数第三人称形式。
6．B。主语是everyone，且为一般过去时。
7．D。根据句子的意思是“两者之一”故选D。
8．C。某地区和国家的人口是单数第三人称，表示一事物。
9．C。主语为复数。
10．B。neither…nor采取就近原则，故用单数，且用肯定式。
11．A。表示“……的数量”应用the number of，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式；而anumber of表示“许多，大量的”。
12．A。同1题。
13．A。采用就近原则。