动名词

逍遥学能  2010-05-08 01:28

动名词即具有动作特征的名词。今天我们一起来学习与之相关的一些知识。
一)动名词的种类:
1) 是名词,例:Seeing is believing.
2) 具有动词性特征可以带宾语,例:Starving troops is necessary.


二)动名词的形式:
一般形式:I don't like you smoking.
完成形式:I regret not having taken your advice.
被动形式:This question is far from being settled.


三)动名词常考的点:
1) 动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数
2) 在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词
3) 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语


例:
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.
A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C;换成your calling也对)


4) 有些词后只能接动名词
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...


5) 另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法
it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...


6) 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。
例:
remember to do/doing:
①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作)
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
forget与remember的用法类似。


regret的用法:
①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……)
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。)


try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验):
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.


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