逍遥学能 2010-04-15 03:14
u 英语音标表、字母表----- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀
一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自如为止。
印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
手写体倾斜：（注意四线格占格要求）
大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
[ ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el/em /en /Eu /pi://kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju: / vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai/zi:]
u 先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：
(1) [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(2) [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]___[ ] ___[ ]
(3) [ai] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(4) [Eu] ___[ ]
(5) [u:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(6) [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(7) [B:] ___[ ]
二、英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表
英语音标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）发音特征元音*母音 单元音声带振动前元音：[i:/ I:] [i] [e] [A]发音清晰响亮气流通畅
中元音：[Q] [E] [E: / \:]
后元音：[B:] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]
双元音振动[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE/ eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]
辅音*子音哑辅音不振动[p][t][k] [f][s][W][F] [h][tF][tr][ts]发音含糊晦涩气流受阻
浊辅音振动[b][d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz][m][n][N] [l]/[l] [w][j ]
辅音连缀[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw][Wr][pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju
三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似)
（拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）
拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。例子：he[hi:],name [neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teacher[`ti:tFE],red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella,
u 小测试：音标拼读练习。
[ai] + [E] →[aiE] [au]+ [E]→ [auE] [h]+ [iE]→ [hiE] [p]+ [ZE]→[pZE] [t]+[Ci] →[tCi]
[ei]+ [tF]→ [eitF] [tF] +[ei]→[tFei] [g]+[Eu]→[gEu] [k]+[au]→[kau]
[sn]+[Eu]→[snEu]
[pr]+[au]→[prau] [pl]+[ei]→[plei] [gr]+[i:]→[gri:]
[gl]+[u:]→[glu:] [kl]+[B:]→[klB:]
[kl]+[B:]+[s]→[klB:s] [t]+[u:]+[W]→[tu:W] [br]+[au]+[n]→[braun]
[r]+[Q]+[b]+[E]→[`rQbE]
[b]+[B:]+[s]+[k]+[i]+[t]→[`bB:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tF]+[E]→[`ti:tFE]
[Q]+[m]+[br]+[e]+[l]+[E]→[Qm`brelE] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl]
[brQ]+[TE]→[`brQTE]
四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：
1.为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我们能够做到------见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要反过来，学会语音认字（类似我们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。例如:
1：假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就脱口而出了。单词(词形)： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面/认识；满足迎合；迎接/出迎。
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音/音标
2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而出）?总口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。?辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, picture,actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee,green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k / l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan,book, look, blue, Klan class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank,English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please,sure[F], usually[V], pleasure
x 发音剪头端，[ks]多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam,(后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with,swim, wash, which, white
最后一个字母z，发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
辅音字母一见发音表：
bcdfghjklmn
[b][k]cap[d][f][g]egg[h][dV][k][l][m][n]
[s]city [dV] [-l] [N]g/k
tablericebedcoffeeorangehighjeepbook bluemeetnose
bluebicycledogflygarbagehelloJapankeepballroompen
[V]garage table thank
pqrstvwx(y)z
[p][k][r][s]desk[t][v][w][ks][j]yes[z]
[-r][z]easy [gz][ai]mypencilquickrose[V]usuallysitvoicewashbox[i]busyzoo
openquartersorrypleasureteacherinviteswimexamveryzero
teacher[F]surelittle quicklyfreeze
?常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。
wh发音 [h] 和 [w], th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；
ch/tch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)；
ge\dge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。
wr 发卷趋 [r], 双写分节不分音。{ 动词或复数词尾s /es, 多发[s][z]/ 和[iz]; ts [ts] ds[dz]}
例词：
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],
wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] whose, who,
whole {*whew [hw-]}
th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ] thank,three, tooth, forth, eleventh
ch/tch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
(t)ch ---[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch
chase(追赶，追击，追求),
[ ] ache, headache, chemist [ ] machine[mE`FEn], chaise [Feiz](带篷二轮马车)
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)； sh ---[ ] shoe, ship, sheep,fish, wash, ash
ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phrase gh ---[ ] right, light,daughter [ ] laugh, cough
ge\dge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];(d)ge ---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭)
ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back
kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织),knob(球形把手, 旋钮),
knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; **《金山游侠》，金山公司出品的游戏修改软件),
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。ng ---[ ] sing, song, long, wing [] English, hungryqu ---[ ] quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter, require,[ ] cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技巧),
wr 发卷趋 [r],
wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭),wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭)
双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元音字母：see,zoo, book}
ts/tes ---[ ] its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats/shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many
streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹/两包..), some presents/sweets(一些礼物/糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖),
ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two
lights /kites (两个灯 /风筝), two nests (两个鸟巢/窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶),
some carrots (一些胡萝卜), What’s this? It’s a pen. sits,
ds/des---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their
heads, two blackboards, goods(商品/货物),
辅音连缀：pr ---[ ] practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud,
pl---[ ] please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量),
pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),
plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),
br---[ ] brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖,教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),
bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brush
bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-/kr---[ ] crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket([昆]蟋蟀,[运动]板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,
cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫),
cl-/kl---[ ] class, claim((根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear,
clock, close, click(发出滴答声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=KuKlux Klan)三K党)
gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great,
grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)
gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪),glove(手套), glue(胶水/胶合)
fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的),
friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),
from(自，从)，front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated(感到灰心/失败的)
fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares(喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩,畏首畏尾), floor (地板，楼层),
float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面粉), flow (流动,(河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的),
sl---[ ] slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep(睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹),
sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan(口号, 标语), slow(ly)(慢的/地), sly/ slily [slaili](狡猾的/地),
sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wiseguy自作聪明的人), smell
(气味, 臭味, //嗅, 闻到, 散发(...的)气味, 有(...的)气味), smile ((～ at) 微笑), smog(烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟尘, 烟幕//v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私),
sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃)), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬),
sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打/ 喷嚏),
snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人),
sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览),
skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色)
sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙),
spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),
spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,操(某种语言)), spear ([spiE]矛,枪), specific ([spi`sifik]特效药, 详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣),
spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动,运动会), spume [spju:m](n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous(adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spur[spE:](n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter[`spQtE](n.vi.vt.说话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声), sputum [spju:tEm](唾液, 痰), spy(特工, 间谍, 侦探,//秘密侦察),
st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), star (星,恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场/体育场),
step, steep(陡峭的), stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student,
stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style(风格, 时尚, 文体),
sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰),
swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),
sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光), sweepup(n.大扫除),
sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的/n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang,
swung,秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky([美]威士忌酒), swig(n/v.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的)),
swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of…骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉),
swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降,猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at../ for../up;vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作),
dw---[ ] dwarf ([dwC:f]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at../in...居住停留于;on../upon..细想, 详述),
tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain ([twein]n.两, 双,