初中英语知识点总结：初中英语语法??形容词比较级和最高级

  形容词比较级

  (一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B

  A 是主格 B 是宾格

  如： She is taller than me.

  主格 形容词比较级 宾格

  (二)英语形容词比较级的构成

  英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。

  形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。

  规则变化

  1)单音节词末尾加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)

  【例】 原级 比较级 最高级

  great greater greatest

  small smaller smallest

  clean cleaner cleanest

  2)单音节如以e结尾，只加-r(比较级)，-st(最高级)

  【例】 fine finer finest

  wide

  wide wider widest

  3)闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)

  【例】 big bigger biggest

  hot hotter hottest

  red redder reddest

  4)少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er(比较级)，-est(最高级)。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。

  【例】 clever cleverer cleverest

  narrow narrower narrowest

  able abler ablest

  easy easier easiest

  5)其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。

  【例】 careful more careful most careful

  difficult more difficult most difficult

  delicious more delicious most delicious

  不规则变化

  原级 比较级 最高级

  good/well better best

  bad worse worst

  many/much more most

  little less least

  far farther/further farthest/furthest

  注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。

  形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。

  【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。

  There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。

  二、 形容词各等级的用法：

  1、 原级(同级)比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…

  We’ll give you as much help as we can.

  She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.

  2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.

  He is even richer than I.

  3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：

  It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.

  He is the tallest of the three.

  4、 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：

  John is the clever of the two boys.

  Of the two boys, John is the clever.

  三、 重点与难点：

  1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

  You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.

  2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：

  The man was too angry to be able to speak.

  The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.

  The milk was too hot to drink.

  The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it.

  (2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：

  He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.

  The book is too difficult for me to read.=

  The book is not easy enough for me to read.

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